Dhyāna-Yoga

Below are verses 1 to 10 from Dhyāna-Yoga (Chapter 6 of the Bhagavad Gita), presented one by one in the format you requested: Sanskrit text, transliteration, English translation, and explanation. I’ve adhered strictly to the Bhagavad Gita, focusing solely on these verses without deviation.

Verse 6.1

Sanskrit
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
अनाश्रितः कर्मफलं कार्यं कर्म करोति यः |
स संन्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः || १ ||

Transliteration
śrī-bhagavān uvāca |
anāśritaḥ karma-phalaṁ kāryaṁ karma karoti yaḥ |
sa saṁnyāsī ca yogī ca na niragnir na cākriyaḥ ||

English Translation
The Blessed Lord said: He who performs obligatory action without depending on its fruits is a renunciant and a Yogi, not one without fire or action.

Explanation
Krishna ("śrī-bhagavān") begins Chapter 6, defining true renunciation: "yaḥ karoti kāryam karma" (he who performs obligatory action) "anāśritaḥ karma-phalam" (without depending on fruits) is "sa saṁnyāsī ca yogī" (both renunciant and Yogi). "Na niragniḥ na ca akriyaḥ" (not without fire or action) rejects mere external abandonment.

Key Concepts
True renunciation is internal, not ritualistic.
Yoga involves selfless duty, not inaction.

Verse 6.2

Sanskrit
यं संन्यासमिति प्राहुर्योगं तं विद्धि पाण्डव |
न ह्यसंन्यस्तसङ्कल्पो योगी भवति कश्चन || २ ||

Transliteration
yaṁ saṁnyāsam iti prāhur yogaṁ taṁ viddhi pāṇḍava |
na hy asaṁnyasta-saṅkalpo yogī bhavati kaścana ||

English Translation
What they call renunciation, know that to be Yoga, O Pandava; indeed, no one becomes a Yogi without renouncing resolve [for fruits].

Explanation
Krishna, addressing Arjuna as "pāṇḍava," equates "yam saṁnyāsam prāhuḥ" (what they call renunciation) with "yogam" (Yoga), saying "tam viddhi" (know it as such). "Na hi kaścana yogī bhavati" (no one becomes a Yogi) "asaṁnyasta-saṅkalpaḥ" (without renouncing resolve), emphasizing detachment from outcomes as essential.

Key Concepts
Renunciation and Yoga are identical in essence.
Abandoning desire is Yoga’s foundation.

Verse 6.3

Sanskrit
आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगं कर्म कारणमुच्यते |
योगारूढस्य तस्यैव शमः कारणमुच्यते || ३ ||

Transliteration
ārurukṣor muner yogaṁ karma kāraṇam ucyate |
yogārūḍhasya tasyaiva śamaḥ kāraṇam ucyate ||

English Translation
For a sage desiring to ascend to Yoga, action is said to be the means; for one who has ascended to Yoga, tranquility is said to be the means.

Explanation
Krishna outlines stages: "ārurukṣoḥ muneḥ" (for a sage desiring Yoga), "karma kāraṇam ucyate" (action is the means) to reach it. "Yogārūḍhasya" (for one ascended to Yoga), "śamaḥ kāraṇam ucyate" (tranquility is the means), showing action initiates, and stillness sustains Yoga.

Key Concepts
Action aids beginners; peace perfects adepts.
Yoga progresses from effort to calm.

Verse 6.4

Sanskrit
यदा हि नेन्द्रियार्थेषु न कर्मस्वनुषज्जते |
सर्वसङ्कल्पसंन्यासी योगारूढस्तदोच्यते || ४ ||

Transliteration
yadā hi nendriyārtheṣu na karmasv anuṣajjate |
sarva-saṅkalpa-saṁnyāsī yogārūḍhas tadocyate ||

English Translation
When indeed he is attached neither to sense-objects nor to actions, renouncing all resolves, then he is said to have ascended to Yoga.

Explanation
Krishna defines the "yogārūḍha" (one ascended to Yoga): "yadā hi na anuṣajjate" (when he’s not attached) "indriyārtheṣu" (to sense-objects) or "karmasu" (actions), "sarva-saṅkalpa-saṁnyāsī" (renouncing all resolves), "tadā ucyate" (then he’s said to be). Detachment marks this advanced state.

Key Concepts
Non-attachment to senses and deeds is key.
Renunciation of intent signals mastery.

Verse 6.5

Sanskrit
उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत् |
आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः || ५ ||

Transliteration
uddhared ātmanātmānaṁ nātmānam avasādayet |
ātmaiva hy ātmano bandhur ātmaiva ripur ātmanaḥ ||

English Translation
One should uplift oneself by oneself and not let oneself sink; indeed, the self alone is its own friend, the self alone its own enemy.

Explanation
Krishna urges self-reliance: "uddharet ātmanā ātmānam" (uplift oneself by oneself), "na avasādayet" (don’t let oneself sink). "Ātmā eva bandhuḥ ātmanaḥ" (self is its own friend) and "ātmā eva ripuḥ" (self its own enemy), emphasizing personal effort determines one’s fate in Yoga.

Key Concepts
Self-effort is the path to elevation.
The mind can aid or obstruct.

Verse 6.6

Sanskrit
बन्धुरात्मात्मनस्तस्य येनात्मैवात्मना जितः |
अनात्मनस्तु शत्रुत्वे वर्तेतात्मैव शत्रुवत् || ६ ||

Transliteration
bandhur ātmātmanas tasya yenātmaivātmanā jitaḥ |
anātmanas tu śatrutve vartetātmaiva śatruvat ||

English Translation
The self is a friend to him whose self is conquered by the self; but to the unconquered self, it acts like an enemy, as an enemy would.

Explanation
Krishna elaborates: "yasya ātmā ātmanā jitaḥ" (whose self is conquered by the self), "tasya ātmā bandhuḥ" (the self is his friend). "Anātmanaḥ tu" (but to the unconquered), "ātmā varteta śatrutve śatruvat" (self acts as an enemy), showing mastery makes the mind an ally, failure a foe.

Key Concepts
Self-control turns the mind friendly.
Lack of control breeds inner conflict.

Verse 6.7

Sanskrit
जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य परमात्मा समाहितः |
शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु तथा मानापमानयोः || ७ ||

Transliteration
jitātmanaḥ praśāntasya paramātmā samāhitaḥ |
śītoṣṇa-sukha-duḥkheṣu tathā mānāpamānayoḥ ||

English Translation
For the self-conquered and tranquil one, the Supreme Self is steadfast amid cold and heat, pleasure and pain, as well as honor and dishonor.

Explanation
Krishna describes the "jitātmanaḥ praśāntasya" (self-conquered, tranquil one) whose "paramātmā samāhitaḥ" (Supreme Self is steadfast) in "śītoṣṇa-sukha-duḥkheṣu" (cold, heat, pleasure, pain) and "mānāpamānayoḥ" (honor, dishonor). Equanimity aligns with the divine, unshaken by opposites.

Key Concepts
Mastery brings unshakable peace.
The Supreme Self shines in balance.

Verse 6.8

Sanskrit
ज्ञानविज्ञानतृप्तात्मा कूटस्थो विजितेन्द्रियः |
युक्त इत्युच्यते योगी समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः || ८ ||

Transliteration
jñāna-vijñāna-tṛptātmā kūṭastho vijitendriyaḥ |
yukta ity ucyate yogī sama-loṣṭāśma-kāñcanaḥ ||

English Translation
Satisfied with knowledge and realization, steady as a rock, senses conquered, the Yogi is called disciplined, seeing clod, stone, and gold as the same.

Explanation
Krishna portrays the "yogī" as "jñāna-vijñāna-tṛptātmā" (self satisfied with knowledge and realization), "kūṭasthaḥ" (steady as a rock), "vijitendriyaḥ" (senses conquered). "Yuktaḥ iti ucyate" (he’s called disciplined), "sama-loṣṭāśma-kāñcanaḥ" (seeing clod, stone, gold equally), reflecting inner fullness and impartiality.

Key Concepts
Knowledge fulfills; stability endures.
Equality in perception marks the Yogi.

Verse 6.9

Sanskrit
सुहृन्मित्रार्युदासीनमध्यस्थद्वेष्यबन्धुषु |
साधुष्वपि च पापेषु समबुद्धिर्विशिष्यते || ९ ||

Transliteration
suhṛn-mitrāry-udāsīna-madhyastha-dveṣya-bandhuṣu |
sādhuṣv api ca pāpeṣu sama-buddhir viśiṣyate ||

English Translation
He excels whose intellect is equal toward friend, ally, enemy, neutral, mediator, foe, and kin, as well as the righteous and the sinful.

Explanation
Krishna says one "viśiṣyate" (excels) with "sama-buddhiḥ" (equal intellect) toward "suhṛt" (friend), "mitra" (ally), "ari" (enemy), "udāsīna" (neutral), "madhyastha" (mediator), "dveṣya" (foe), "bandhuṣu" (kin), "sādhuṣu" (righteous), and "pāpeṣu" (sinful). This impartial vision surpasses ordinary judgment.

Key Concepts
Equanimity extends to all relations.
Wisdom sees beyond good and evil.

Verse 6.10

Sanskrit
योगी युञ्जीत सततमात्मानं रहसि स्थितः |
एकाकी यतचित्तात्मा निराशीरपरिग्रहः || १० ||

Transliteration
yogī yuñjīta satatam ātmānaṁ rahasi sthitaḥ |
ekākī yata-cittātmā nirāśīr aparigrahaḥ ||

English Translation
The Yogi should constantly discipline himself, dwelling in solitude, alone, with mind and self controlled, free from desire and possessions.

Explanation
Krishna instructs the "yogī" to "yuñjīta satatam ātmānam" (constantly discipline himself), "rahasi sthitaḥ" (dwelling in solitude), "ekākī" (alone), "yata-cittātmā" (mind and self controlled), "nirāśīḥ aparigrahaḥ" (free from desire and possessions). This sets the stage for meditative practice, emphasizing isolation and detachment.

Key Concepts
Solitude aids constant self-discipline.
Freedom from wants enables focus.

Below are verses 11 to 20 from Dhyāna-Yoga (Chapter 6 of the Bhagavad Gita), presented one by one in the format you requested: Sanskrit text, transliteration, English translation, and explanation. I’ve adhered strictly to the Bhagavad Gita, focusing solely on these verses without deviation.

Verse 6.11

Sanskrit
शुचौ देशे प्रतिष्ठाप्य स्थिरमासनमात्मनः |
नात्युच्छ्रितं नातिनीचं चेलाजिनकुशोत्तरम् || ११ ||

Transliteration
śucau deśe pratiṣṭhāpya sthiram āsanam ātmanaḥ |
nāty-ucchritaṁ nāti-nīcaṁ celājina-kuśottaram ||

English Translation
In a clean place, establishing a steady seat for himself, neither too high nor too low, covered with cloth, deerskin, and kusha grass above,

Explanation
Krishna provides practical meditation guidance: the Yogi should "pratiṣṭhāpya sthiram āsanam" (establish a steady seat) "śucau deśe" (in a clean place), "na ati-ucchritam na ati-nīcam" (neither too high nor too low), "cela-ajina-kuśottaram" (covered with cloth, deerskin, kusha grass). This ensures a stable, pure setting for focus.

Key Concepts
A clean, balanced seat aids meditation.
Simple materials support stability.

Verse 6.12

Sanskrit
तत्रैकाग्रं मनः कृत्वा यतचित्तेन्द्रियक्रियः |
उपविश्यासने युञ्ज्याद्योगमात्मविशुद्धये || १२ ||

Transliteration
tatraikāgraṁ manaḥ kṛtvā yata-cittendriya-kriyaḥ |
upaviśyāsane yuñjyād yogam ātma-viśuddhaye ||

English Translation
There, making the mind one-pointed, with controlled mental and sensory activities, seated on the seat, he should practice Yoga for self-purification.

Explanation
Krishna continues: "tatra" (there), the Yogi should "kṛtvā manaḥ ekāgram" (make the mind one-pointed), "yata-cittendriya-kriyaḥ" (with controlled mind and senses), "upaviśya āsane" (seated on the seat), "yuñjyāt yogam" (practice Yoga) "ātma-viśuddhaye" (for self-purification). Focus and restraint purify the self.

Key Concepts
Concentration purifies through Yoga.
Mind and senses align in practice.

Verse 6.13

Sanskrit
समं कायशिरोग्रीवं धारयन्नचलं स्थिरः |
सम्प्रेक्ष्य नासिकाग्रं स्वं दिशश्चानवलोकयन् || १३ ||

Transliteration
samaṁ kāya-śiro-grīvaṁ dhārayann acalaṁ sthiraḥ |
samprekṣya nāsikāgraṁ svaṁ diśaś cānavalokayan ||

English Translation
Holding the body, head, and neck straight, steady, and still, gazing at the tip of his nose, not looking around in any direction,

Explanation
Krishna details posture: "dhārayan samaṁ kāya-śiro-grīvam" (holding body, head, neck straight), "acalam sthiraḥ" (still, steady), "samprekṣya svaṁ nāsikāgram" (gazing at nose-tip), "diśaḥ ca anavalokayan" (not looking around). This disciplined stance fosters concentration and stability in meditation.

Key Concepts
Postural alignment aids focus.
Fixed gaze prevents distraction.

Verse 6.14

Sanskrit
प्रशान्तात्मा विगतभीर्ब्रह्मचारिव्रते स्थितः |
मनः संयम्य मच्चित्तो युक्त आसीत मत्परः || १४ ||

Transliteration
praśāntātmā vigata-bhīr brahmacāri-vrate sthitaḥ |
manaḥ saṁyamya mac-citto yukta āsīta mat-paraḥ ||

English Translation
With a tranquil self, fearless, established in the vow of celibacy, restraining the mind, focused on Me, the disciplined one should sit, devoted to Me.

Explanation
Krishna adds: the Yogi, "praśāntātmā" (tranquil self), "vigata-bhīḥ" (fearless), "brahmacāri-vrate sthitaḥ" (in celibacy’s vow), "manaḥ saṁyamya" (restraining the mind), "mac-cittaḥ" (focused on Me), "yuktaḥ āsīta mat-paraḥ" (should sit disciplined, devoted to Me). Inner peace and devotion enhance meditation.

Key Concepts
Calmness and purity support practice.
Focus on Krishna deepens Yoga.

Verse 6.15

Sanskrit
युञ्जन्नेवं सदा आत्मानं योगी नियतमानसः |
शान्तिं निर्वाणपरमां मत्संस्थामधिगच्छति || १५ ||

Transliteration
yuñjann evaṁ sadātmānaṁ yogī niyata-mānasaḥ |
śāntiṁ nirvāṇa-paramāṁ mat-saṁsthām adhigacchati ||

English Translation
Thus always disciplining himself, the Yogi with a controlled mind attains the supreme peace of liberation, abiding in Me.

Explanation
Krishna concludes this instruction: "evaṁ sadā ātmānam yuñjan" (thus always disciplining himself), the "yogī niyata-mānasaḥ" (with controlled mind) "adhigacchati śāntim" (attains peace), "nirvāṇa-paramām mat-saṁsthām" (supreme liberation abiding in Me). Consistent practice yields divine union and peace.

Key Concepts
Persistent discipline brings ultimate peace.
Liberation rests in Krishna.

Verse 6.16

Sanskrit
नात्यश्नतस्तु योगोऽस्ति न चैकान्तमनश्नतः |
न चातिस्वप्नशीलस्य जाग्रतो नैव चार्जुन || १६ ||

Transliteration
nāty-aśnataḥ tu yogo’sti na caikāntam anaśnataḥ |
na cāti-svapna-śīlasya jāgrato naiva cārjuna ||

English Translation
Yoga is not for one who eats too much, nor for one who does not eat at all, nor for one who sleeps too much, nor for one always awake, O Arjuna.

Explanation
Krishna, addressing "arjuna," sets moderation: "yogaḥ na asti ati-aśnataḥ" (not for one who overeats), "na ca ekāntam anaśnataḥ" (nor who doesn’t eat), "na ca ati-svapna-śīlasya" (nor who oversleeps), "na eva jāgrataḥ" (nor always awake). Balance in diet and sleep supports Yoga.

Key Concepts
Extremes hinder Yoga’s success.
Moderation sustains practice.

Verse 6.17

Sanskrit
युक्ताहारविहारस्य युक्तचेष्टस्य कर्मसु |
युक्तस्वप्नावबोधस्य योगो भवति दुःखहा || १७ ||

Transliteration
yuktāhāra-vihārasya yukta-ceṣṭasya karmasu |
yukta-svapnāvabodhasya yogo bhavati duḥkha-hā ||

English Translation
For one regulated in food and recreation, disciplined in actions, balanced in sleep and wakefulness, Yoga becomes the destroyer of sorrow.

Explanation
Krishna explains: "yuktāhāra-vihārasya" (regulated in food, recreation), "yukta-ceṣṭasya karmasu" (disciplined in actions), "yukta-svapnāvabodhasya" (balanced in sleep, wakefulness), "yogaḥ bhavati duḥkha-hā" (Yoga destroys sorrow). Moderation across life’s facets enables Yoga’s transformative power.

Key Concepts
Balance in all aspects aids Yoga.
It eliminates suffering effectively.

Verse 6.18

Sanskrit
यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते |
निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यो युक्त इत्युच्यते तदा || १८ ||

Transliteration
yadā viniyataṁ cittam ātmany evāvatiṣṭhate |
niḥspṛhaḥ sarva-kāmebhyo yukta ity ucyate tadā ||

English Translation
When the controlled mind rests in the self alone, free from longing for all desires, then he is said to be disciplined.

Explanation
Krishna defines the "yukta" (disciplined) state: "yadā viniyatam cittam" (when the controlled mind) "avatiṣṭhate ātmany eva" (rests in the self alone), "niḥspṛhaḥ sarva-kāmebhyaḥ" (free from all desires), "tadā ucyate" (then he’s said to be). Inner focus and detachment mark this achievement.

Key Concepts
Mind fixed on self signifies discipline.
Desirelessness completes Yoga.

Verse 6.19

Sanskrit
यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता |
योगिनो यतचित्तस्य युञ्जतो योगमात्मनः || १९ ||

Transliteration
yathā dīpo nivāta-stho neṅgate sopamā smṛtā |
yogino yata-cittasya yuñjato yogam ātmanaḥ ||

English Translation
As a lamp in a windless place does not flicker, this simile is remembered for the Yogi with a controlled mind, practicing the Yoga of the self.

Explanation
Krishna offers a simile: "yathā dīpaḥ nivāta-sthaḥ na iṅgate" (as a lamp in a windless place doesn’t flicker), "sā upamā smṛtā" (this is remembered as a simile) for "yoginaḥ yata-cittasya" (the Yogi with controlled mind) "yuñjataḥ yogam ātmanaḥ" (practicing self-Yoga). Steadiness reflects mastery.

Key Concepts
A steady mind mirrors an unshaken flame.
Control ensures meditative calm.

Verse 6.20

Sanskrit
यत्रोपरमते चित्तं निरुद्धं योगसेवया |
यत्र चैवात्मनात्मानं पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति || २० ||

Transliteration
yatroparamate cittaṁ niruddhaṁ yoga-sevayā |
yatra caivātmanātmānaṁ paśyann ātmani tuṣyati ||

English Translation
Where the mind, restrained by Yoga practice, ceases, and where, seeing the self by the self, he is satisfied in the self,

Explanation
Krishna describes the meditative peak: "yatra cittaṁ uparamate" (where the mind ceases), "niruddham yoga-sevayā" (restrained by Yoga practice), and "yatra ātmanā ātmānam paśyan" (where seeing the self by the self), "ātmani tuṣyati" (he’s satisfied in the self). Inner vision brings contentment.

Key Concepts
Yoga stills the mind for self-realization.
Self-seeing yields inner fulfillment.

Below are verses 21 to 30 from Dhyāna-Yoga (Chapter 6 of the Bhagavad Gita), presented one by one in the format you requested: Sanskrit text, transliteration, English translation, and explanation. I’ve adhered strictly to the Bhagavad Gita, focusing solely on these verses without deviation.

Verse 6.21

Sanskrit
सुखमात्यन्तिकं यत्तद्बुद्धिग्राह्यमतीन्द्रियम् |
वेत्ति यत्र न चैवायं स्थितश्चलति तत्त्वतः || २१ ||

Transliteration
sukham ātyantikaṁ yat tad buddhi-grāhyam atīndriyam |
vetti yatra na caivāyaṁ sthitaś calati tattvataḥ ||

English Translation
Where he knows that supreme happiness grasped by the intellect, beyond the senses, and abiding there, he does not waver from the truth,

Explanation
Krishna continues from 6.20, describing "yatra" (where) the Yogi "vetti" (knows) "sukham ātyantikam" (supreme happiness), "buddhi-grāhyam" (grasped by intellect), "atīndriyam" (beyond senses). "Sthitaḥ" (abiding there), "na calati tattvataḥ" (he doesn’t waver from truth), as this bliss transcends sensory limits and holds him steady.

Key Concepts
Intellect perceives ultimate joy.
Stability in truth follows realization.

Verse 6.22

Sanskrit
यं लब्ध्वा चापरं लाभं मन्यते नाधिकं ततः |
यस्मिन्स्थितो न दुःखेन गुरुणापि विचाल्यते || २२ ||

Transliteration
yaṁ labdhvā cāparaṁ lābhaṁ manyate nādhikaṁ tataḥ |
yasmin sthito na duḥkhena guruṇāpi vicālyate ||

English Translation
Having gained which, he considers no other gain greater, and established in which, he is not shaken even by heavy sorrow,

Explanation
Krishna elaborates: "yam labdhvā" (having gained which—supreme happiness), "na manyate adhikam aparam lābham" (he deems no other gain greater), and "yasmin sthitaḥ" (established in which), "na vicālyate guruṇā duḥkhena api" (not shaken even by heavy sorrow). This state surpasses all else and withstands all pain.

Key Concepts
This bliss outshines all gains.
It anchors against deepest grief.

Verse 6.23

Sanskrit
तं विद्याद्दुःखसंयोगवियोगं योगसंज्ञितम् |
स निश्चयेन योक्तव्यो योगोऽनिर्विण्णचेतसा || २३ ||

Transliteration
taṁ vidyād duḥkha-saṁyoga-viyogaṁ yoga-saṁjñitam |
sa niścayena yoktavyo yogo’nirviṇṇa-cetasā ||

English Translation
Know that as Yoga, the disconnection from union with sorrow; that Yoga is to be practiced with determination and an undaunted mind.

Explanation
Krishna defines this state: "tam vidyāt" (know that) as "yoga-saṁjñitam" (called Yoga), "duḥkha-saṁyoga-viyogam" (disconnection from sorrow’s union). "Sa niścayena yoktavyaḥ" (it’s to be practiced with determination) "anirviṇṇa-cetasā" (with an undaunted mind), urging resolute, fearless pursuit of this liberation.

Key Concepts
Yoga severs sorrow’s link.
Determination drives its practice.

Verse 6.24

Sanskrit
सङ्कल्पप्रभवान्कामांस्त्यक्त्वा सर्वानशेषतः |
मनसैवेन्द्रियग्रामं विनियम्य समन्ततः || २४ ||

Transliteration
saṅkalpa-prabhavān kāmāṁs tyaktvā sarvān aśeṣataḥ |
manasaivendriya-grāmaṁ viniyamya samantataḥ ||

English Translation
Abandoning all desires born of resolve without exception, restraining the entire group of senses by the mind from all sides,

Explanation
Krishna instructs: "tyaktvā sarvān kāmān" (abandoning all desires) "saṅkalpa-prabhavān" (born of resolve) "aśeṣataḥ" (without exception), "viniyamya indriya-grāmam" (restraining the senses’ group) "manasā eva samantataḥ" (by the mind from all sides). Total renunciation and control prepare for deeper meditation.

Key Concepts
Desires stem from mental intent.
Mind curbs senses comprehensively.

Verse 6.25

Sanskrit
शनैः शनैरुपरमेद्बुद्ध्या धृतिगृहीतया |
आत्मसंस्थं मनः कृत्वा न किञ्चिदपि चिन्तयेत् || २५ ||

Transliteration
śanaiḥ śanair uparamed buddhyā dhṛti-gṛhītayā |
ātma-saṁsthaṁ manaḥ kṛtvā na kiñcid api cintayet ||

English Translation
Gradually, gradually he should cease with the intellect held by firmness, fixing the mind in the self, thinking of nothing else at all.

Explanation
Krishna advises: "śanaiḥ śanaiḥ uparamet" (gradually cease) "buddhyā dhṛti-gṛhītayā" (with intellect held firm), "kṛtvā manaḥ ātma-saṁstham" (fixing the mind in the self), "na cintayet kiñcit api" (thinking of nothing else). Steady, patient focus on the self silences all other thoughts.

Key Concepts
Slow, steady withdrawal calms the mind.
Intellect anchors it in the self.

Verse 6.26

Sanskrit
यतो यतो निश्चरति मनश्चञ्चलमस्थिरम् |
ततस्ततो नियम्यैतदात्मन्येव वशं नयेत् || २६ ||

Transliteration
yato yato niścarati manaś cañcalam asthiram |
tatas tato niyamyaitad ātmany eva vaśaṁ nayet ||

English Translation
Wherever the restless, unsteady mind wanders, from there it should be restrained and brought under control in the self alone.

Explanation
Krishna addresses the "cañcalam asthiram manaḥ" (restless, unsteady mind): "yataḥ yataḥ niścarati" (wherever it wanders), "tataḥ tataḥ niyamya" (from there restrain it), "etat vaśam nayet ātmany eva" (bring it under control in the self). Persistent redirection tames the mind’s volatility.

Key Concepts
Mind’s restlessness requires vigilance.
Self-control is the remedy.

Verse 6.27

Sanskrit
प्रशान्तमनसं ह्येनं योगिनं सुखमुत्तमम् |
उपैति शान्तरजसं ब्रह्मभूतमकल्मषम् || २७ ||

Transliteration
praśānta-manasaṁ hy enaṁ yoginaṁ sukham uttamam |
upaiti śānta-rajasaṁ brahma-bhūtam akalmaṣam ||

English Translation
Supreme happiness comes to this Yogi with a tranquil mind, passion stilled, become Brahman, free from impurities.

Explanation
Krishna describes the result: "enam yoginam" (this Yogi) with "praśānta-manasam" (tranquil mind), "śānta-rajasam" (passion stilled), "brahma-bhūtam" (become Brahman), "akalmaṣam" (free from impurities), "upaiti sukham uttamam" (attains supreme happiness). Inner peace reveals divine bliss.

Key Concepts
Calm mind yields ultimate joy.
Purity merges with Brahman.

Verse 6.28

Sanskrit
युञ्जन्नेवं सदा आत्मानं योगी विगतकल्मषः |
सुखेन ब्रह्मसंस्पर्शमत्यन्तं सुखमश्नुते || २८ ||

Transliteration
yuñjann evaṁ sadātmānaṁ yogī vigata-kalmaṣaḥ |
sukhena brahma-saṁsparśam atyantaṁ sukham aśnute ||

English Translation
Thus always disciplining himself, the Yogi, free from impurities, easily enjoys the infinite happiness of Brahman’s touch.

Explanation
Krishna reiterates: "evaṁ sadā ātmānam yuñjan" (thus always disciplining himself), the "yogī vigata-kalmaṣaḥ" (free from impurities) "sukhena aśnute" (easily enjoys) "brahma-saṁsparśam atyantam sukham" (infinite happiness of Brahman’s touch). Consistent practice brings effortless divine joy.

Key Concepts
Steady effort purifies the Yogi.
Brahman’s contact is boundless bliss.

Verse 6.29

Sanskrit
सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं सर्वभूतानि चात्मनि |
ईक्षते योगयुक्तात्मा सर्वत्र समदर्शनः || २९ ||

Transliteration
sarva-bhūta-stham ātmānaṁ sarva-bhūtāni cātmani |
īkṣate yoga-yuktātmā sarvatra sama-darśanaḥ ||

English Translation
The self united in Yoga, seeing equally everywhere, perceives the self in all beings and all beings in the self.

Explanation
Krishna describes the "yoga-yuktātmā" (self united in Yoga), "sarvatra sama-darśanaḥ" (seeing equally everywhere), who "īkṣate" (perceives) "ātmānam sarva-bhūta-stham" (self in all beings) and "sarva-bhūtāni ātmani" (all beings in the self). This vision of unity reflects advanced realization.

Key Concepts
Yoga reveals universal oneness.
Equality stems from self-perception.

Verse 6.30

Sanskrit
यो मां पश्यति सर्वत्र सर्वं च मयि पश्यति |
तस्याहं न प्रणश्यामि स च मे न प्रणश्यति || ३० ||

Transliteration
yo māṁ paśyati sarvatra sarvaṁ ca mayi paśyati |
tasyāhaṁ na praṇaśyāmi sa ca me na praṇaśyati ||

English Translation
He who sees Me everywhere and everything in Me, I am not lost to him, nor is he lost to Me.

Explanation
Krishna personalizes unity: "yaḥ paśyati māṁ sarvatra" (he who sees Me everywhere) and "sarvam mayi" (everything in Me), "tasya aham na praṇaśyāmi" (I’m not lost to him), "sa ca me na praṇaśyati" (nor he to Me). Seeing Krishna universally ensures an eternal bond.

Key Concepts
Seeing Krishna in all maintains connection.
Mutual presence marks this realization.

Below are verses 31 to 40 from Dhyāna-Yoga (Chapter 6 of the Bhagavad Gita), presented one by one in the format you requested: Sanskrit text, transliteration, English translation, and explanation. I’ve adhered strictly to the Bhagavad Gita, focusing solely on these verses without deviation.

Verse 6.31

Sanskrit
सर्वभूतस्थितं यो मां भजत्येकत्वमास्थितः |
सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि स योगी मयि वर्तते || ३१ ||

Transliteration
sarva-bhūta-sthitaṁ yo māṁ bhajaty ekatvam āsthitaḥ |
sarvathā vartamāno’pi sa yogī mayi vartate ||

English Translation
He who worships Me, dwelling in all beings, established in unity, that Yogi abides in Me, however he may live.

Explanation
Krishna continues from 6.30: "yaḥ bhajati mām" (he who worships Me), "sarva-bhūta-sthitam" (dwelling in all beings), "ekatvam āsthitaḥ" (established in unity), "sa yogī mayi vartate" (that Yogi abides in Me), "sarvathā vartamānaḥ api" (however he lives). Devotion and oneness keep him connected to Krishna always.

Key Concepts
Worship sees Krishna in all.
Unity ensures constant divine presence.

Verse 6.32

Sanskrit
आत्मौपम्येन सर्वत्र समं पश्यति योऽर्जुन |
सुखं वा यदि वा दुःखं स योगी परमो मतः || ३२ ||

Transliteration
ātmaupamyena sarvatra samaṁ paśyati yo’rjuna |
sukhaṁ vā yadi vā duḥkhaṁ sa yogī paramo mataḥ ||

English Translation
He who sees everything equally by comparison with the self, O Arjuna, whether happiness or sorrow, that Yogi is considered supreme.

Explanation
Krishna, addressing "arjuna," praises the Yogi "yaḥ paśyati sarvatra samam" (who sees everything equally) "ātmaupamyena" (by self-comparison), "sukham vā yadi vā duḥkham" (happiness or sorrow). "Sa yogī paramaḥ mataḥ" (he’s considered supreme), as equanimity reflects the highest realization.

Key Concepts
Self-equality transcends joy and pain.
This marks the pinnacle of Yoga.

Verse 6.33

Sanskrit
अर्जुन उवाच |
योऽयं योगस्त्वया प्रोक्तः साम्येन मधुसूदन |
एतस्याहं न पश्यामि चञ्चलत्वात्स्थितिं स्थिराम् || ३३ ||

Transliteration
arjuna uvāca |
yo’yaṁ yogas tvayā proktaḥ sāmyena madhusūdana |
etasyāhaṁ na paśyāmi cañcalatvāt sthitiṁ sthirām ||

English Translation
Arjuna said: This Yoga you have taught with equality, O Madhusudana, I do not see its steady state due to restlessness.

Explanation
Arjuna, addressing Krishna as "madhusūdana" (slayer of Madhu), questions: "yam yogaḥ tvayā proktaḥ sāmyena" (this Yoga you taught with equality), "aham na paśyāmi sthirām sthitim" (I don’t see its steady state) "cañcalatvāt" (due to restlessness). He doubts maintaining such equipoise given the mind’s instability.

Key Concepts
Arjuna acknowledges Yoga’s ideal.
Mind’s fickleness poses a challenge.

Verse 6.34

Sanskrit
चञ्चलं हि मनः कृष्ण प्रमाथि बलवद्दृढम् |
तस्याहं निग्रहं मन्ये वायोरिव सुदुष्करम् || ३४ ||

Transliteration
cañcalaṁ hi manaḥ kṛṣṇa pramāthi balavad dṛḍham |
tasyāhaṁ nigrahaṁ manye vāyor iva suduṣkaram ||

English Translation
For the mind is restless, O Krishna, turbulent, strong, and obstinate; I consider its control as difficult as that of the wind.

Explanation
Arjuna elaborates to "kṛṣṇa": "manaḥ cañcalam hi" (the mind is restless), "pramāthi" (turbulent), "balavat" (strong), "dṛḍham" (obstinate). "Aham manye nigrahaṁ tasya" (I consider its control) "suduṣkaram vāyoḥ iva" (as difficult as the wind’s), expressing his struggle with the mind’s unruly nature.

Key Concepts
Mind’s power resists discipline.
Control seems nearly impossible.

Verse 6.35

Sanskrit
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
असंशयं महाबाहो मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् |
अभ्यासेन तु कौन्तेय वैराग्येण च गृह्यते || ३५ ||

Transliteration
śrī-bhagavān uvāca |
asaṁśayaṁ mahā-bāho mano durnigrahaṁ calam |
abhyāsena tu kaunteya vairāgyeṇa ca gṛhyate ||

English Translation
The Blessed Lord said: Doubtless, O mighty-armed one, the mind is hard to control and restless; but it is restrained by practice and detachment, O son of Kunti.

Explanation
Krishna ("śrī-bhagavān"), addressing Arjuna as "mahā-bāho" and "kaunteya," agrees: "asaṁśayam manaḥ durnigraham calam" (doubtless, the mind is hard to control, restless). "Tu gṛhyate" (but it’s restrained) "abhyāsena" (by practice) "vairāgyeṇa ca" (and detachment), offering a dual method to tame it.

Key Concepts
Mind’s challenge is real but surmountable.
Practice and dispassion are key tools.

Verse 6.36

Sanskrit
असंयतात्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः |
वश्यात्मना तु यतता शक्योऽवाप्तुमुपायतः || ३६ ||

Transliteration
asaṁyatātmanā yogo duṣprāpa iti me matiḥ |
vaśyātmanā tu yatatā śakyo’vāptum upāyataḥ ||

English Translation
Yoga is hard to attain with an uncontrolled self, this is My view; but with a controlled self, striving, it can be attained through the right means.

Explanation
Krishna states "me matiḥ" (My view): "yogaḥ duṣprāpaḥ asaṁyatātmanā" (Yoga is hard with an uncontrolled self), but "vaśyātmanā yatatā" (with a controlled self, striving), "śakyaḥ avāptum upāyataḥ" (it can be attained through means). Self-mastery and effort make Yoga accessible.

Key Concepts
Unrestrained mind blocks Yoga.
Control and method ensure success.

Verse 6.37

Sanskrit
अर्जुन उवाच |
अयतिः श्रद्धयोपेतः योगाच्चलितमानसः |
अप्राप्य योगसंसिद्धिं कां गतिं कृष्ण गच्छति || ३७ ||

Transliteration
arjuna uvāca |
ayatiḥ śraddhayopetaḥ yogāc calita-mānasaḥ |
aprāpya yoga-saṁsiddhiṁ kāṁ gatiṁ kṛṣṇa gacchati ||

English Translation
Arjuna said: O Krishna, one who strives with faith but whose mind wanders from Yoga, failing to attain perfection, what fate does he meet?

Explanation
Arjuna asks "kṛṣṇa": an "ayatiḥ" (uncontrolled one) "śraddhayā upetaḥ" (with faith), "yogāt calita-mānasaḥ" (mind wanders from Yoga), "aprāpya yoga-saṁsiddhim" (failing perfection), "kām gatim gacchati" (what fate does he meet)? He worries about the outcome of partial success.

Key Concepts
Arjuna fears failure despite faith.
He seeks the destiny of the faltering.

Verse 6.38

Sanskrit
कच्चिन्नोभयविभ्रष्टश्छिन्नाभ्रमिव नश्यति |
अप्रतिष्ठो महाबाहो विमूढो ब्रह्मणः पथि || ३८ ||

Transliteration
kaccin nobhaya-vibhraṣṭaś chinnābhram iva naśyati |
apratiṣṭho mahā-bāho vimūḍho brahmaṇaḥ pathi ||

English Translation
Does he not, fallen from both, perish like a torn cloud, O mighty-armed one, unsupported, deluded on the path to Brahman?

Explanation
Arjuna, addressing "mahā-bāho," asks: "kaccit na ubhaya-vibhraṣṭaḥ" (does he not, fallen from both—worldly and spiritual), "naśyati chinnābhram iva" (perish like a torn cloud), "apratiṣṭhaḥ" (unsupported), "vimūḍhaḥ brahmaṇaḥ pathi" (deluded on Brahman’s path)? He fears total loss for the unsuccessful Yogi.

Key Concepts
Failure risks losing all gains.
Uncertainty clouds the path.

Verse 6.39

Sanskrit
एतन्मे संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुमर्हस्यशेषतः |
त्वदन्यः संशयस्यास्य छेत्ता न ह्युपपद्यते || ३९ ||

Transliteration
etan me saṁśayaṁ kṛṣṇa chettum arhasy aśeṣataḥ |
tvad-anyaḥ saṁśayasyāsya chettā na hy upapadyate ||

English Translation
This doubt of mine, O Krishna, you should completely dispel; indeed, apart from you, no one else can resolve this doubt.

Explanation
Arjuna pleads with "kṛṣṇa": "etat me saṁśayam" (this doubt of mine), "arhasi chettum aśeṣataḥ" (you should completely dispel). "Tvad-anyaḥ na upapadyate" (apart from you, no one) "chettā asya saṁśayasya" (can resolve this doubt), entrusting Krishna alone with his existential concern.

Key Concepts
Arjuna relies solely on Krishna.
Doubt demands divine clarity.

Verse 6.40

Sanskrit
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
पार्थ नैवेह नामुत्र विनाशस्तस्य विद्यते |
न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद्दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति || ४० ||

Transliteration
śrī-bhagavān uvāca |
pārtha naiveha nāmutra vināśas tasya vidyate |
na hi kalyāṇa-kṛt kaścid durgatiṁ tāta gacchati ||

English Translation
The Blessed Lord said: O Partha, neither here nor hereafter is there destruction for him; indeed, no one who does good, dear one, goes to an evil fate.

Explanation
Krishna ("śrī-bhagavān"), addressing Arjuna as "pārtha" and "tāta" (dear one), reassures: "na eva iha na amutra vināśaḥ tasya vidyate" (neither here nor hereafter is there destruction for him). "Na hi kalyāṇa-kṛt kaścit durgatim gacchati" (no good-doer goes to evil fate), affirming effort’s protection.

Key Concepts
Good intent safeguards against ruin.
No loss befalls the sincere Yogi.

Verse 6.41

Sanskrit
प्राप्य पुण्यकृतां लोकानुषित्वा शाश्वतीः समाः |
शुचीनां श्रीमतां गेहे योगभ्रष्टोऽभिजायते || ४१ ||

Transliteration
prāpya puṇya-kṛtāṁ lokān uṣitvā śāśvatīḥ samāḥ |
śucīnāṁ śrīmatāṁ gehe yoga-bhraṣṭo’bhijāyate ||

English Translation
Having attained the worlds of the righteous and dwelt there for eternal years, the fallen Yogi is born in the house of the pure and prosperous.

Explanation
Krishna continues reassuring Arjuna about the "yoga-bhraṣṭaḥ" (fallen Yogi): "prāpya puṇya-kṛtām lokān" (attaining righteous worlds), "uṣitvā śāśvatīḥ samāḥ" (dwelling for eternal years), he "abhijāyate" (is born) "śucīnām śrīmatām gehe" (in the house of pure, prosperous ones). Effort ensures a favorable rebirth.

Key Concepts
Yoga’s merit grants heavenly reward.
Rebirth favors a virtuous environment.

Verse 6.42

Sanskrit
अथवा योगिनामेव कुले भवति धीमताम् |
एतद्धि दुर्लभतरं लोके जन्म यदीदृशम् || ४२ ||

Transliteration
athavā yoginām eva kule bhavati dhīmatām |
etad dhi durlabhataraṁ loke janma yad īdṛśam ||

English Translation
Or he is born in a family of wise Yogis; indeed, such a birth in this world is rarer still.

Explanation
Krishna offers an alternative: "athavā" (or) the fallen Yogi "bhavati kule yoginām eva dhīmatām" (is born in a family of wise Yogis). "Etad janma yad īdṛśam" (such a birth) "durlabhataram loke" (is rarer in this world), suggesting an even more fortunate rebirth among enlightened souls.

Key Concepts
A Yogi’s family is a rare privilege.
Spiritual lineage enhances progress.

Verse 6.43

Sanskrit
तत्र तं बुद्धिसंयोगं लभते पौर्वदेहिकम् |
यतते च ततो भूयः संसिद्धौ कुरुनन्दन || ४३ ||

Transliteration
tatra taṁ buddhi-saṁyogaṁ labhate paurva-dehikam |
yatate ca tato bhūyaḥ saṁsiddhau kuru-nandana ||

English Translation
There he regains the mental union from his previous body, O joy of the Kurus, and strives further for perfection.

Explanation
Krishna, addressing Arjuna as "kuru-nandana" (joy of the Kurus), says "tatra" (there—in that birth), the Yogi "labhate tam buddhi-saṁyogam" (regains the mental union) "paurva-dehikam" (from his previous body). "Tataḥ bhūyaḥ yatate saṁsiddhau" (he strives further for perfection), building on past progress.

Key Concepts
Past Yoga efforts persist.
New life advances prior gains.

Verse 6.44

Sanskrit
पूर्वाभ्यासेन तेनैव ह्रियते ह्यवशोऽपि सः |
जिज्ञासुरपि योगस्य शब्दब्रह्मातिवर्तते || ४४ ||

Transliteration
pūrvābhyāsena tenaiva hriyate hy avaśo’pi saḥ |
jijñāsur api yogasya śabda-brahmātivartate ||

English Translation
By that previous practice alone, he is irresistibly drawn, even unwillingly; even a seeker of Yoga transcends the verbal Brahman.

Explanation
Krishna explains: "tena pūrva-abhyāsena eva" (by that previous practice alone), "saḥ hriyate avaśaḥ api" (he is drawn, even unwillingly). "Jijñāsuḥ api yogasya" (even a seeker of Yoga) "ativartate śabda-brahma" (transcends verbal Brahman—Vedic rituals), showing past effort propels him beyond mere scripture.

Key Concepts
Past practice pulls one forward.
Yoga surpasses ritual knowledge.

Verse 6.45

Sanskrit
प्रयत्नाद्यतमानस्तु योगी संशुद्धकिल्बिषः |
अनेकजन्मसंसिद्धस्ततो याति परां गतिम् || ४५ ||

Transliteration
prayatnād yatamānas tu yogī saṁśuddha-kilbiṣaḥ |
aneka-janma-saṁsiddhas tato yāti parāṁ gatim ||

English Translation
But the Yogi, striving with effort, purified of impurities, perfected through many births, then attains the supreme goal.

Explanation
Krishna describes the "yogī" who "yatamānaḥ prayatnāt" (strives with effort), "saṁśuddha-kilbiṣaḥ" (purified of impurities), "aneka-janma-saṁsiddhaḥ" (perfected over many births), "tataḥ yāti parām gatim" (then attains the supreme goal). Persistent effort across lives leads to ultimate liberation.

Key Concepts
Effort purifies over lifetimes.
Supreme goal rewards perseverance.

Verse 6.46

Sanskrit
तपस्विभ्योऽधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्योऽपि मतोऽधिकः |
कर्मिभ्यश्चाधिको योगी तस्माद्योगी भवार्जुन || ४६ ||

Transliteration
tapasvibhyo’dhiko yogī jñānibhyo’pi mato’dhikaḥ |
karmibhyaś cādhiko yogī tasmād yogī bhavārjuna ||

English Translation
The Yogi is greater than ascetics, considered greater than knowers, and greater than ritualists; therefore, become a Yogi, O Arjuna.

Explanation
Krishna elevates the Yogi: "yogī tapasvibhyaḥ adhikaḥ" (greater than ascetics), "jñānibhyaḥ api mataḥ adhikaḥ" (considered greater than knowers), "karmibhyaḥ ca adhikaḥ" (greater than ritualists). "Tasmāt yogī bhava arjuna" (therefore, become a Yogi), urging Arjuna to pursue this highest path.

Key Concepts
Yoga excels over austerity, knowledge, rituals.
Arjuna is called to this superiority.

Verse 6.47

Sanskrit
योगिनामपि सर्वेषां मद्गतेनान्तरात्मना |
श्रद्धावान्भजते यो मां स मे युक्ततमो मतः || ४७ ||

Transliteration
yoginām api sarveṣāṁ mad-gatenāntar-ātmanā |
śraddhāvān bhajate yo māṁ sa me yuktatamo mataḥ ||

English Translation
Among all Yogis, he who worships Me with faith, his inner self absorbed in Me, is considered by Me the most disciplined.

Explanation
Krishna concludes the chapter: "yoginām api sarveṣām" (among all Yogis), "yaḥ bhajate mām" (he who worships Me) "śraddhāvān" (with faith), "mad-gatena antar-ātmanā" (inner self absorbed in Me), "sa me yuktatamaḥ mataḥ" (he’s considered most disciplined by Me). Devotion to Krishna crowns Yoga’s peak.

Key Concepts
Faithful devotion to Krishna tops Yoga.
Inner absorption defines the best Yogi.